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KMID : 1035620160040020119
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Allergy Asthma & Respiratory Disease
2016 Volume.4 No. 2 p.119 ~ p.125
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Usefulness of specific IgE antibody levels to wheat, gluten, and ω-5 gliadin for wheat allergy in Korean children
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Yoon Jong-Seo
Jeong Kyung-Uk
Lee Soo-Young
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Abstract
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Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the clinical usefulness and added diagnostic value of specific IgE antibodies to wheat, gluten, and ω-5 gliadin in diagnosing wheat allergy and distinguishing wheat anaphylaxis.
Methods: This study included 196 children who visited Ajou University Hospital for suspicious food allergy. The subjects were divided into 2 groups: the wheat allergy (WA) and non-wheat allergy (non-WA) groups. Patients with wheat allergy were further divided into 2 subgroups according to their symptoms: the wheat allergy with anaphylaxis (WAAna) and wheat allergy without anaphylaxis (WANon-Ana) groups. Serum concentrations of total IgE and specific IgE antibodies to wheat, gluten and ω-5 gliadin were measured.
Results: The median values of specific IgE antibodies to wheat, gluten and ω-5 gliadin were significantly higher in the WA group than in the non-WA group, and the positive decision points (95% specificity) were at 3.12, 2.61, and 0.21 kUA/L, respectively. The combination of specific IgE antibodies to wheat and ω-5 gliadin resulted in the highest accuracy of 93.9% in diagnosing wheat allergy. In differentiating the WAAna group from the WANon-Ana group, only specific IgE antibody to ω-5 gliadin showed a significant difference at the optimal cutoff point of 1.56 kUA/L.
Conclusion: Our results show that the individual levels of specific IgE antibodies to wheat, gluten or ω-5 gliadin may have a considerably high accuracy in diagnosing wheat allergy and that specific IgE antibody to ω-5 gliadin may be particularly useful in predicting wheat anaphylaxis.
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KEYWORD
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Wheat hypersensitivity, Wheat, Glutens, Gliadin, Anaphylaxis
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